ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Transcervical submandibular gland excision has been commonly used for the treatment of stone in the hilum and intraglandular of SMG because of surgical difficulty. This study introduces a surgical approach without unnecessary submandibular or cervical resection. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: 27 patients who had stones in the hilum and internal area of SMG were treated at our department during the past one year. RESULTS: All stones were removed through intraoral approach without transcervical submandibular gland excision for all patients. For 18 patients with poor surgical field, the sublingual gland was removed before the removal of stone. Although a long term follow-up observation was not carried out, SMG hypertrophy was alleviated as time went by. No recurrence had been found so far. Post-surgical complications such as paralysis of the lingual nerve and the hypoglossal nerve were not found. CONCLUSION: This surgical method is a possible choice for the treatment of stones in the hilum and internal area of submandibular gland.
Subject(s)
Humans , Follow-Up Studies , Hypertrophy , Hypoglossal Nerve , Lingual Nerve , Paralysis , Recurrence , Salivary Gland Calculi , Sublingual Gland , Submandibular GlandABSTRACT
Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in sites other than in its usual pretracheal region. Lingual thyroid, although it is the most common manifestation of benign ectopic thyroid tissue, is still a rare clinical entity. Thyroid hemiagenesis is also a very rare abnormality, in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. We report a case of left thyroid hemiagenesis and goiter in the right lobe of a 26-year-old female patient with ectopic lingual thyroid.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Choristoma , Goiter , Lingual Thyroid , Thyroid Dysgenesis , Thyroid GlandABSTRACT
The hypothesis that primary branchiogenic carcinoma originates from a branchial cleft cyst is controversial since the entity was first described in 1882. In 1950, stringent criteria were established for the diagnosis of primary branchiogenic carcinoma, the most important criterion being histologic proof of carcinoma arising from a normal cyst epithelium. Only a limited number of cases have successfully fulfilled these criteria. In this article, we describe a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the second branchial cleft cyst and also discuss the diagnosis, histopathologic features, and therapeutic options.
Subject(s)
Branchial Region , Branchioma , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Diagnosis , EpitheliumABSTRACT
The melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare osteolytic pigmented neoplasm that most frequently arises from the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge. It presents in the first few months of life, and usually follows a benign course. We present a 5-month-old girl with a melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy of maxilla.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Alveolar Process , Maxilla , Maxillary Neoplasms , Neuroectodermal Tumor, MelanoticABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the significance of sonographically detected thyroid calcifications in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Two hundred ninety-one patients with thyroid disease, including 75 with thyroid cancer and 54 with calcified thyroid nodule, were reviewed during the period of January 2001 to May 2003. Each patient underwent preoperative high resolution sonography to evaluate the thyroid gland for the presence of calcifications. RESULTS: The highest incidence of calcification was found in thyroid cancer (36%), followed by multinodular goiter (20%), follicular adenoma (13%), and single nodular goiter (3%). The incidence of cancer was significantly higher in calcified nodules (50%) than in noncalcified nodules in the entire group (20%) (p<0.001), with a relative risk of 3.9. In the group of solitary thyroid nodules, the incidence of cancer in the calcified nodules (56%) was higher than that in the nodules without calcification (21%) (p=0.002). In the group of multiple thyroid nodules, the incidence of cancer in the calcified nodules (47%) was higher than that in the nodules without calcification (19%) (p=0.001). The relative risk in presence of calcification was 4.6 in the solitary nodules and 3.7 in the multiple nodules. Compared with multiple noncalcified thyroid nodules, the solitary calcified nodules demonstrated a relative risk of 5.2. In patients younger and older than 40 years, the relative risk in the presence of calcification was about the same, around 4. CONCLUSION: The detection of thyroid calcifications by sonography is diagnostically valuable. The presence of calcifications should raise the suspicion of malignancy.